Conclusion: A large population based cohort study among people with type 2 diabetes aged 40-69 years found a 35% lower risk of dementia associated with use of SGLT-2 inhibitors compared with DPP-4 inhibitors. This finding persisted regardless of dementia type and across subgroups of diverse population characteristics such as age, sex, concomitant use of metformin, and baseline cardiovascular risk. The treatment effect of SGLT-2 inhibitors compared with DPP-4 inhibitors increased with time.